Behind the scenes at Applied Science: Why video? Camera gear. Shop tour.--make money online

today and Applied Science I thought we'd

take a look behind the scenes and so in

this video I'm going to talk a little

bit about my background why I make

youtube videos then we'll geek out on

audio/video equipment

and workflow and finish up with a shop

tour and this will be a free video for

my patreon supporters of course which

brings us to our first question is this

my day job no no this is a self-funded

hobby kind of a side project sort of

thing my day job is at verily also known

as Google life sciences I have a pretty

cool role there where I do

electromechanical prototyping actually

similar stuff to that show in the videos

to try to make healthcare less expensive

prior to that I worked at valve hardware

specifically on the lighthouse tracking

system that's used in the HTC vive VR

headset and prior to that I worked for

myself in fact out of this garage I

owned a business that created MRI

compatible computer peripherals so if

you want to study someone's brain

function you put them into an MRI

scanner and scan their brain while

they're interacting with a computer

program doing math equations for example

so they need some way of controlling a

computer from within the MRI scanner and

that's actually what all this hardware

that I created did so some of it was

actually completely nonmetallic so I

built computer mice and joysticks and

things that were completely fiber-optic

this was like the high-end version and I

also did copper equipment - that was

just optimized for MRI used I graduated

from UC Santa Barbara with a mechanical

engineering degree but have ended up

doing about half and half mechanical and

electrical engineering for all the day

jobs that I've had and even though UC

Santa Barbara was a great place in

general I don't think University

prepares people well for what they need

to do in the real world

so I actually advocate learning on your

own and most of the stuff that I talk

about in these videos the techniques and

the processes I've sort of learned on my

own err on the job especially from other

really experienced engineers probably

the number one question that I get is

why I make youtube videos and there's

there's quite a few answers to this the

the biggest one is that it's just fun

right like

started doing this as a hobby and this

was back in 2011 when basically nobody

got paid on YouTube except for like the

mega stars that had you know a million

subscribers I think Kipkay was actually

the most subscribed YouTube channel at

the time with like close to a million

sounds pretty quaint now but anyway

there was no money to be made so the

only people that made videos were the

ones that liked doing it and it's kind

of interesting how things have changed

over the years

nowadays most people are pretty

interested in getting some revenue share

and you know it is nice that the the

hobby sort of funds itself and I can buy

nice camera equipment that we'll see in

a minute and all that sort of thing but

it is quite a bit of a different world

now another channel that I watch

somewhat regularly Steve Ramsey

especially in the earlier days had a

really good tenure recap of what it's

been like to do 10 years on YouTube very

enlightening I'll link to it in general

I'm in favor of systems that have sort

of a competition angle and reward

creators or producers based on their

output or their performance but on

YouTube I think it's good to have a mix

of people that still do this as a hobby

and also as a business the reason being

that my thumbnails would actually look

like this if I were doing this as a

full-time gig probably not as good of a

result for you guys in the long run the

fact that I don't actually have to do

this is my full-time job means I can be

sort of more lacs with the schedule and

only produce things that are really

interesting I don't have like a regular

release schedule but if another reason

that I make youtube videos is to give

myself time pressure to get projects

done so if I know there's a whole bunch

of viewers out there that really want to

see something it gives me more

motivation to put time in and get these

things done another reason that I make

youtube videos is to showcase my work so

pretty much every good job that I've

ever got it was because I was showing

off all this work on YouTube it's

basically like a living resume and I

always advocate for people to show off

their work it doesn't ask me in video

form it could be in photos or blog posts

or github whatever but just showing

potential employer is what it is that

you do is really critical much much

better than just explaining in you know

bullet points on a resume another reason

that I make youtube videos is to hear

all of your comments actually I'm really

proud of the comment sections on my

videos because they're by and large very

good conversations I've probably only

ever deleted about five or ten comments

in the entire history I've been on

YouTube and I get a lot of ideas for

future videos and stuff like that

through there so being able to interact

with the community this way is very

useful another reason that I make

youtube videos is it serves as sort of a

project blog or a diary for myself and

so sometimes when I'm searching for a

technique I'll actually find one of my

own videos on the topic and sort of

refresh my memory that way and sometimes

it's equal parts frustrating and

surprising to have that but anyway

there's there's a lot of reasons why I

do it and so if you fell if all the

viewers sort of enjoy this and I'm

enjoying it at the same time it's

win-win and the support that I get

through patreon and YouTube sort of

allows me to keep buying decent

equipment so whenever you find one of

these win-win situations it's always

good to keep investing in and so that's

that's why I make youtube videos my

standard process for making a video

begins with me kind of tinkering with an

idea for a few days or weeks and

shooting what's known as b-roll in the

industry so this is basically like

little video clips that don't typically

have audio with them little clips of me

machining parts for a project or testing

things out or clips of close-ups of the

action and then after I feel like I've

got a handle on the thing I'll shoot the

a role which is me talking over it and

showing the whole thing off typically I

don't script anything it's all just

spoken at the time I'm shooting it but

I've had a few days or weeks to kind of

put it together in my head one downside

of shooting this way is that I don't

often capture the initial excitement of

seeing something for the first time so

another reason that I've picked these

videos and do these experiments in the

first place is because discovering stuff

for the first time or seeing something

for the first time it's really cool

recently smartereveryday had a great

video where

deston showed that excitement of sort of

seeing a new effect for the first time

so unfortunately I don't really have

that aspect in my videos but I do I

think I make up for it by having a

really tight presentation and a

well-reasoned sort of thing here's the

camera rig that I've been using for the

last year to make videos this is the

Lumix g85 and I've been a big fan of the

G of the micro four-thirds format since

it first came out and so I used the gh

one when it first came out in fact the

video that I'm that you're watching

right now is being shot on my other GH

one backup camera and these are so cheap

now you can get one of these on eBay and

it's neat because the sensor is

relatively large the micro 4/3 format is

much bigger than like you know consumer

cameras and back when the gh one came

out this is actually pretty

revolutionary even though it's more

standard now but anyway the the neat

thing that you can do with this is adapt

lenses that are made for bigger cameras

- the Micro Four Thirds sensor and get

much higher performance out of it so

this is the Sigma 18 to 35 lens and

normally this is an F 1.8 lens which is

already very fast right and it's f 1.8

through the whole zoom range and it's

actually very sharp at F 1.8 - some

people have tested this and found that

it's sharper at F 1.8 then even Canon

lenses are at you know F 2.8 even but

there's another trick we can play which

is even better they make these things

called speed boosters which I think I

can so the audio is actually being

recorded on this camera now even though

you're watching video on that camera

okay so I can't remove the lens because

it cuts the audio off so I'll just have

to describe it this thing between the

lens and the camera body is called a

speed booster and it's basically just a

few pieces of glass in here that

compress the light cone coming from this

lens down to the sensor size that's in

the camera so this lens is made for

aps-c cameras so it produces a light

disc light you know output that's

slightly bigger than the sensor so this

lensing in here basically just crushes

that light coming down which means that

the lens appears to be even faster it's

more like f1 point

- and you get a wider field of view so

this is a pretty good trick you can

actually get F 1.2 from 18 to 35 and

it's attacked sharp almost in the entire

range and then there's one other cool

trick we can play normally the sensor

uses the entire micro 4/3 sensory record

video and you know averages the pixels

together to make a 1080p image but if

you only use the center 1080p pixels of

the image sensor you get sort of like a

zoom for free so this thing has this

tele converter setting and so I don't

think I can actually switch it while

it's recording but anyway when I press

that button when it isn't recording you

can zoom in you get basically double

like a two-act soom without any loss in

quality or light sensitivity so when you

put all this together you get almost a

continuous 18 to 70 millimeter lens at F

1.2 and it's sharp in the whole range

this thing practically sees in the dark

it's really the nicest camera setup that

I've ever used I always shoot 1080p 60

and so having really good light

sensitivity is nice because it's 60

frames a second indoors you really need

to capture a lot of light and the latest

image sensors are pretty low noise so

you can go up to ISO 1600 on this and it

still looks pretty good whereas in the

old days ISO like 400 or 800 was kind of

the limit for audio I've been using this

road link I don't know the exact name of

it this wireless lapel mic that shows up

quite a bit I think they might call it

the video mic now the video mic is like

a shotgun or something it sticks on

there but anyway the lapel mic is very

handy for the way that I shoot kind of

see it here very handy because it stays

the same distance away from my mouth

whereas if I use a microphone on the

camera people complain about that

because if I'm moving around the shop

and the microphone is on the camera like

this one it's not balanced between left

and right so actually having a stereo

microphone is kind of a downside and

then too if I turn away from the camera

or if I take a few steps away the audio

level changes and you can't use

automatic gain control because that

makes the audio not sound as good either

so I tried a few other things when I was

kind of experimenting with making

YouTube videos and at one point I even

got this expensive shotgun mic and was

thinking I would have more of like a

high production value like sort of sit

down in front of the camera with proper

lighting and everything kind of like

this video looks and then I found out

that having too high of a production

value on YouTube is counterproductive in

fact people don't like it very much

YouTube doesn't look like broadcast

television for a reason right I mean

it's YouTube it was originally a videos

uploaded by non-professionals

just because uploading videos was

something fun to do it wasn't meant to

be like production television so you

know and it kind of in the style of

video that I make is really not meant to

be television either it's sort of like

quick snippets it's 10 or 20 minute

videos that just sort of show something

cool so anyway I kind of ditched the

idea of doing this studio presence thing

and the current setup that I have with

the lapel mic works out a whole lot

better once the video is shot I take

everything on SD card to my editing

computer and use Blackmagic resolve to

do the video editing I used to use Adobe

Premiere but became frustrated with it

because they went to a subscription only

model and resolve is actually free

software so it's kind of hard to beat

the price and honestly for doing simple

editing like I do without very many

visual effects I actually kind of prefer

the interface of resolve let's finish up

with a shop tour this is my 800 square

foot detached garage in the San

Francisco Bay Area and remember that I

used to work out of this garage so a lot

of the equipment that I've bought and

tools that I've bought were legitimate

business expenses and so this really was

my main place of business for many years

so anyway let's take a look at what I've

got I recently picked up this 60 watt

laser cutter off eBay surprisingly

inexpensive I think the whole thing was

about 15

hundred dollars and another few hundred

for the water chiller and this thing

actually works surprisingly well you can

kind of see an example of something I've

cut out with it there

it definitely has very strange quirks in

fact check out this weird safety label

for an example it's it's definitely

weird and and that safety label sort of

represents how weird the whole machine

is and all of its operating quirks

another one of my favorites is this the

safety switch it says open cover for

protection and then it has a 1 or a 0 so

you're not really sure if you flip that

switch to 1 or 0 does that mean that the

the safety switch that disables it when

you open the lid is on or off anyway

it's it's just it's pretty quirky I've

also got this maker gear m2 which I like

a lot we've got a few of these at work

as well for FDM it's a really great

printer kind of see some examples of

stuff I've made there there's the liquid

nitrogen generator the Stirling

free-piston cryocooler in there got all

kinds of assorted hardware over here

this is actually what's left of my

home-built scanning electron microscope

and it's been mostly taken apart the the

cabinet is mostly in one piece but the

column itself I've taken apart and used

the the parts in other spots

this is my sort of production scanning

electron microscope a jail t100 I think

it is actually forget the model exactly

but this has actually been a real

workhorse for me and so it's nice to

have a reliable Sam just kind of ready

and then some of the parts that I've

taken from the home-built Sam are now in

this sputtering chamber and so I've got

both thermal evaporation and sputtering

capability in there there's a ultra-low

temperature cold trap or a cryo fridge

back there under there as well

I can see a whole bunch of lab gear got

a kiln on the floor ultra sound cleaner

a bunch of hopster plates pressure

washer the form lab support equipment

and the printer itself the washer and

oven that go with the 3d printer there's

also a low temperature kiln back there

with asbestos tiles this was sort of the

studio setup area that I alluded to

earlier in the video I was going to

stand in front of this thing and do kind

of more formal type presentations but I

don't think that format ever really

worked out and then we've got the ultra

high-pressure rig which is probably my

longest running project maybe ever I've

been working on this thing for a long

time and have been making some progress

I just need a little bit more motivation

to push it over the edge but it will be

coming soon

giant do or under near

a bunch of woodworking tools and also

one of my favorite woodworking tools or

even tools overall the shaper router

which uses this tape to do positioning

so you can handhold it and then get CNC

cuts at the same time your hand holding

it and driving it pretty cool this lathe

from grizzly has also been a real

workhorse for what it cost I seem to

remember it being about $3,500 or

something and I added the Dro to it

later on it's actually a really great

machine for what it cost and I inherited

a bunch of tooling from my neighbor who

is a machinist a professional machinist

for his whole career and very handy to

have all that tooling the famous 4 by 6

bandsaw a bunch of stock here

14 inch bandsaw shaper and a planer

there's the rubberband fridge down there

it got a wood lathe as well table saw

this is a 200 amp plasma cut and TIG

machine that came off of ebay when these

were still relatively new I think

they're quite common these days but I

got that back when it was kind of a new

thing this old Bridgeport milling

machine I have retrofitted with a modern

control a centroid control the neat

thing is that I was able to see use the

original motors and the motors are very

powerful they're DC servo motors and I

upgraded the encoders in there and now

have a really nice modern control with

with really strong decent servo motors

here's the chemical selection a bunch of

glassware

and a standard drill press there now you

can see what I'm working on now I've got

this tube furnace set up for carbon

nanotube production which again is a

super long-running project I realize but

it's it's coming along well the tube

furnace works quite well heading into

the electronics area here love the

soldering iron GBC makes really nice

soldering equipment hotter reworks scope

kind of standard stuff for electronics

nice big variac under there sort of a

modern electronics test area I kind of

find it's useful to have if you're going

to do firmware development to have the

computer sort of as close to the scope

and the soldering as possible in fact if

I were going to do a lot of work out

here I'd crush these together even

closer for my day job I have the

computer the soldering station and the

oscilloscope as close together as

possible so you can get everything

happening all at once the Ruby laser

another project that needs resuscitation

so the problem here is that the Ruby rod

is scratched I need to resurface the

faces and I've called around and almost

no one's willing to do it for any price

even so I think I'm gonna have to do it

myself then I also recently got this

small 450 nanometer laser engraved

machine which is surprisingly useful it

will it will actually mark stainless

steel which is something that the bigger

co2 laser won't even do kind of need to

have that it's without any prep or

special chemicals it just marks it and

then we're back to the door here so I

thought it'd be kind of fun just to walk

around the shop since in all the little

video clips that I've made it's

sometimes hard to get a handle of how

big the whole shop is or kind of where

everything is situated and so I thought

they'd give you a look just to see what

this place looks like ok see you next

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