Heat-sensitive 3D paper (swell paper)-----make money online

today on Applied Science I'd like to

talk about this interesting material

that I recently learned about it Maker

Faire it's a paper that's coated with a

special coating that swells up when you

heat it so you can make patterns on this

paper and you can sort of feel those

there it's about a half a millimeter

high and the way that it's normally used

is you print on it with a normal printer

either a laser printer or even an inkjet

and then you pass a very intense light

over this and the black areas absorb

more energy and swells up and so you

have to sort of set the exposure almost

as if you were taking a photograph and

the application of this is so that blind

folks can actually get a sense of a

diagram or a picture and so you can

print this out on a normal printer and

like say then you can kind of raise it

up so that it has this 3d feature to it

so I figured we'd play with it a little

bit I saw this at the University of

Michigan's booth at Maker Faire and

those folks are working on a pneumatic

display and this is sort of like a

static counterpart to it so wouldn't it

be great if you could actually pump up

different sections of the paper with

sort of a valve manifold and that's what

they're working on but this at least

gives a static way to see how it's going

to be okay so let's try one of these out

I ended up buying a pack of this paper

unfortunately it's kind of expensive

it's about a dollar a sheet and you have

to buy it in a 100 sheet packs so if

anyone knows it's like a crowdsourcing

or crowdfunding type site where people

can buy like small quantities and have

it distributed I actually don't have

time to do the fulfillment myself of

mailing this to each person but I'm more

than happy to donate the pack of paper

that I bought since I have more than I

need so we'll try this out and if you

read the instructions online they'll say

well you need to use a special ink and

it has to have carbon in it and this and

that but I've found that you can use a

plain old sharpie that works just fine

you can even use a pencil that's fine

too the only thing you have to worry

about is that the coating is somewhat

delicate and so with a sharpie it's not

really much of a problem with a pencil

you know you can actually see I'm kind

of chipping off the the coating there

and then that part won't work

so let me just do it a little bit more

gently probably a soft lead pencil would

be kind of a better thing in that case

and of course this is not how the

company recommends you use this they

want you to print on it with a laser jet

or an inkjet printer and like I say that

works just fine too so what we're going

to do oh also they sell a very expensive

machine that consists of a tungsten

light bulb and some rollers and what it

does is it rolls the paper through the

machine and so that each area gets a

consistent exposure so you can change

the roller speed and then as the thing

goes through the Machine they all gets

exposed to the same amount of infrared

light but I don't have that but I do

have this really really powerful light

for a film camera a super 8 millimeter

film camera and I actually burned a hole

in my parents carpet with this many

years ago so they can attest that this

puts out a massive amount of infrared

light it's actually 650 watts and I had

it face down and went over to plug it in

and by the time I got back the carpet

was melted but anyway let me just say

what this looks like it's it's quite

bright and I found that the chemical

reaction or the mechanical process that

happens in this paper is kind of slow so

what you don't want to do actually had

these these retro welding goggles and I

was actually watching it happen as I was

putting the light on the paper you can

see it's well but this actually doesn't

work that well because by the time it

starts to swell it's sort of too late

and what happens is you end up with a

sort of an effect like this where it

starts to swell up and then it's sort of

a positive feedback loop because as it

swells up now it has more surface area

and it captures more energy and it ends

up looking like cauliflower so what I

found the best way to do this is to just

pass the light over the paper and do it

at a consistent speed and then check to

see if it's you know if it's raised to

high enough levels and if it doesn't

work just do it again that way you sort

of have the same dose and you can check

how it's going so let's let's see how

this goes

okay so with one-pass it looks like the

pencil started to do this cauliflower

thing I don't know if you can see that

but the pencil is already raised up a

little bit and actually the Sharpie is -

let me give it another pass and yeah

that's that's I can feel it quite well

the pencil actually is absorbing a

little bit more than the Sharpie having

to go slower this time and that's pretty

good I don't know if you can see that

it's actually harder to see the Rays

effect when it's when there's the black

marker is on top so I'm going to talk

about another way to do this in just a

minute let me give this a little bit

more heat okay not bad it's a pretty

cool technique right I mean you can just

draw something on a piece of paper and

then instantly turn it into a 3d shape

pretty cool so while playing with this

of course I was thinking jeez I wish I

had a source of focused you know intense

heat radiation that I could control like

an XY plotter well of course that's a

laser cutter and so I put this into an

epilogue 75 watt machine and first

tested it out at the focal plane of the

machine as if I was just laser cutting

some paper just to see if it would laser

cut properly and it does actually it's

just fine the edge is a little bit more

funky than you would expect with a sort

of normal laser cut paper but you can

get good detail with it it's really no

problem at all and I tried turning the

power settings down as far as I could go

and it's the edge is still a little

funky even with the power basically as

low as I can get it anyway so then what

I did is I lowered the bed-in laser

cutter and this will give us a very

large laser spot so that when the sheet

is very far away from the focal plane

you end up with the laser kind of spread

out over a larger area and that's that's

actually what causes the paper to swell

up so there's this kind of stored heat

phenomenon where if you go over an area

even like within a few seconds with the

laser cutter it will burn the thing or

you know it'll expand to its highest

height and then as it continues over

again it just

the area so you kind of have to adjust

your laser cutting routine to take this

into account but it's really cool and

another neat sort of you know by-product

this whole system is that you can have a

design that has both cut features and 3d

raised features and all you have to do

is change the bed height so that the

paper is low for the 3d features and you

just raise the bed back up to the focal

plane and cut it out so you can have

features 3d features that are perfectly

registered with your cut features pretty

neat

so I've been thinking about what you

could actually do with this you know of

course besides making diagrams for blind

folks which is already a pretty cool

goal and I was thinking well you know

it'd be nice to make like a track for

something either a marble or a liquid or

something else and you could potentially

make you know if this were on incline

you could sort of I was even thinking

along the lines of like did you comp

like it's basically a physical computer

where the the marbles and stuff go

around these tracks as you can see it

doesn't really doesn't really work quite

that well the bump height is about half

a millimeter so with a marble this size

it doesn't really want to track that

well it's it's okay and like I say I

didn't dial in the parameters super

carefully with the de laser cutter it's

amazingly chemical resistant so I did a

little bit of testing with different

solvents to see if the paper would hold

up and it's actually quite strong the

methylene chloride or dichloromethane

will dissolve in pen almost nothing else

will and so you could actually use it as

sort of like a mixing plate like he

could make custom wells or something

with connections between them and I was

thinking you know ideally you could

incline this and pour your liquids on

the top and it would sort of trickle

down through the plate sort of like that

it has almost the same problem that 3d

printers have where that sort of a

routine is great but it only is useful

if you're going to customize the mixing

plate so for example if your project was

to make this liquid handler you would

just injection mold this or stamp it or

something it would be much higher

quality and easier to produce

but if you needed the customization

angle then of course you could use this

and print one out literally print it out

and then just you know raise it up with

your 650 watt light so okay if you have

an idea for this that you want me to try

out put that in the comments and also if

we figure out a way to distribute this

to folks so that they can play with it

let me know that doesn't involve me

filling envelopes okay see you next time

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